A rush is on to mine the deep seabed, with effects on ocean life that aren’t well understood
Countries regulate seabed mining within their marine territories. Farther out, in areas beyond national jurisdiction, they cooperate through the
Law of the Sea Convention, which has been ratified by 167 countries and the European Union, but not the U.S.....
Widespread growth of battery-driven technologies such as smartphones, computers, wind turbines and solar panels is
changing this calculation as the world runs low on land-based deposits of copper, nickel, aluminum, manganese, zinc, lithium and cobalt....
Two entities hold the most exploration contracts (three each): the government of Korea and the
China Ocean Mineral Resources R&D Association, a state-owned company. Since the U.S. is not a member of the Law of the Sea treaty, it cannot apply for contracts. But U.S. companies are investing in others’ projects. For example, the American defense company Lockheed Martin owns
UK Seabed Resources, which holds two exploration contracts.....
Deep-sea mining technology is still in development but will probably include vacuuming nodules from the seafloor. Scraping and vacuuming the seafloor can destroy habitats and
release plumes of sediment that blanket or choke filter-feeding species on the seafloor and fish swimming in the water column. Mining also introduces
noise, vibration and light pollution in a zone that normally is silent, still and dark. And depending on the type of mining taking place, it could lead to chemical leaks and spills......
We also believe that the U.S. should ratify the Law of the Sea treaty so that it can help to lead on this issue. The oceans
provide humans with food and oxygen and regulate Earth’s climate. Choices being made now could affect them far into the future in ways that aren’t yet understood.