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Discussion in 'All Things Boats & Boating' started by ImaginaryNumber, Oct 8, 2015.

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ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member

Long-term picture offers little solace on climate change | Phys.Org

Climate change projections that look ahead one or two centuries show a rapid rise in temperature and sea level, but say little about the longer picture. Today (Feb. 8, 2016), a study published in Nature Climate Change looks at the next 10,000 years, and finds that the catastrophic impact of another three centuries of carbon pollution will persist millennia after the carbon dioxide releases cease.

The picture is disturbing, says co-author Shaun Marcott, an assistant professor of geoscience at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, with a nearly inevitable elevation of sea level for thousands of years into the future.

Most climate projections now end at 2300 at the latest, "because that's the time period most people are interested in," says Marcott, a expert in glaciers and ancient climate. "Our idea was that this did not encapsulate the entire effect of adding one to five trillion tons of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere over the next three centuries. Whereas most studies look to the last 150 years of instrumental data and compare it to projections for the next few centuries, we looked back 20,000 years using recently collected carbon dioxide, global temperature and sea level data spanning the last ice age. Then we compared past data to modeling results that extend 10,000 years into the future."

Climate—the interplay among land, ocean and atmosphere—has a long memory, Marcott says. "I think most people would tell you that temperature and sea level will spike as we continue burning fossil fuels, but once we stop burning, they will go back down. In fact, it will take many thousands of years for the excess carbon dioxide to completely leave the atmosphere and be stored in the ocean, and the effect on temperature and sea level will last equally long."[...]

Current releases of the carbon contained in carbon dioxide total about 10 billion tons per year. The number is growing 2.5 percent annually, more than twice as fast as in the 1990s.

People have already put about 580 billion tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. The researchers looked at the effect of releasing another 1,280 to 5,120 billion tons between 2000 and 2300. "In our model, the carbon dioxide input ended in 300 years, but the impact persisted for 10,000 years," Marcott says.

By 2300, the carbon dioxide level had soared from almost 400 parts per million to as much as 2,000 parts per million. The most extreme temperature rise—about 7 degrees Celsius by the year 2300 or so—would taper off only slightly, to about 6 degrees Celsius, after 10,000 years.[...]
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ImaginaryNumber, Feb 8, 2016

#661

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ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member

Pentagon orders commanders to prioritize climate change in all military actions | Washington Post

The Pentagon is ordering the top brass to incorporate climate change into virtually everything they do, from testing weapons to training troops to war planning to joint exercises with allies.

A new directive’s theme: The U.S. Armed Forces must show “resilience” and beat back the threat based on “actionable science.”

It says the military will not be able to maintain effectiveness unless the directive is followed. It orders the establishment of a new layer of bureaucracy — a wide array of “climate change boards, councils and working groups” to infuse climate change into “programs, plans and policies.”

The Pentagon defines resilience to climate change as: “Ability to anticipate, prepare for, and adapt to changing conditions and withstand, respond to, and recover rapidly from disruptions.”[...]
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ImaginaryNumber, Feb 8, 2016

#662

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Yobarnacle Senior Member holding true course

ImaginaryNumber said: ↑

"If it seems too good to be true, it probably is too good to be true."

For a person who claims to have remarkable abilities to smell out fraud, you seem to be slipping. The article you posted was written almost a year ago. In it they expected results to be available by late 2015 or early 2016. Perhaps you can find those promised results for us?

Energy Catalyzer (also called E-Cat) | Wikipedia

Not very definitive, but see also Cold fusion E-Cat experiment ends explosively
Click to expand...

[/B]

Remarkable? I never said remarkable.
Don't put words in my mouth. I can get into trouble well enough by myself!

My perception/intuition is he is on to something.
Thermochemical reactions and unstable compounds are fascinating.
Nitrogen triiodide is simple to make and only stable while damp, but even damp, will explode with mechanical pressure. It becomes more and more sensitive as it's drying. More powerful than black gun powder. Used to play with it. Fine crumbs sprinkled in a hallway, reacts like firecrackers beneath the feet of hurrying students. Big clouds of purple smoke, too.

Thermite is iron and aluminum burning in oxygen. I've used it in underwater cutting torches. Cuts one inch thick steel like butter, even under water temperatures greater than 2000C.

These are very similar IMO, close to lenr (low energy nuclear reaction). The reactions are with the electrons not the nucleus, but still atomic.

http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2015-02/06/cold-fusion-reactor

"It is too soon to say whether the explosion really was due to the sort of runaway cold fusion reactions alleged to have destroyed a number of Parkhomov's test reactors, or whether it was something simpler: hydrogen is involved so conventional explosions are always possible, and lithium aluminium hydride is pyrophoric, busting into flames in air.

The MFMP might just have succeeded in producing its first visible cold fusion reaction at last. Rossi has indicated that the difficult part is maintaining a controlled, stable reaction once it starts and preventing runaway"

He also includes nickel in the mix. He claims copper is produced.
that is transmutation of an element and can only occur in a nuclear reaction.
He claims temperature of 1000C. Thermite is more than twice that hot.

Latest update on 400 day continuous run test?

http://www.e-catworld.com/rossis-1mw-plant-performance-updates/

February 6, 2016 (Day 348)

Update at 09.43 of Saturday Feb 06 2016:
1 MW E-Cat: stable

By April fools we should know something!

Cold Fusion at this point in time, could be a God send!
In the same way the discovery of the platypus concurrent with the publication of Origin of Species, I believe was a God send.
"Similarities in morphology is evidence of family relation and common ancestor." "Really?", says the platypus to the duck, with a wink, "EVIDENCE?"!

"The Titanic was the finest ship afloat, ten minutes before it encountered Reality."

Yobarnacle, Feb 8, 2016

#663

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ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member

How changing climates shape the fate of empires | Washington Post

A new paper, just published Monday in the journal Nature Geoscience, proposes a link between a marked cooling event in the fifth and sixth centuries AD and a period of dramatic social change across Europe and Asia, including a pandemic plague outbreak, food shortages, political turmoil in China, migrations and even the rise of the Islamic empire. It’s impossible to say for sure whether the climatic shift was actually responsible for all the upheaval that went on during that time, the researchers say — but since the two periods coincided, the scientists are proposing that a connection is likely.[...]

A recent study of ice core data from both Greenland and Antarctica, which Büntgen was also involved in, indicated that a series of volcanic eruptions right at the beginning of the cooling event. These eruptions would have poured ash and other particulate matter into the atmosphere, deflecting sunlight away from the Earth and so helping to induce a temporary cooling event.The researchers hypothesize that the cooling event was sustained for such a long time by a combination of other factors, including certain oceanic processes that helped trap heat and what is believed to have been a solar minimum around the same time period.[...]

In Europe, the colder climate is believed to have contributed to a decrease in agricultural output, which resulted in widespread food shortages. Around the same time, there was an outbreak of plague in the Byzantine Empire, which started around 541 AD and eventually achieved pandemic status as it spread throughout Europe, killing millions and contributing to the weakening of the Empire.

The researchers have hypothesized that the agricultural declines may have helped the plague bacteria spread from Asia into Europe via wildlife moving into the increasingly abandoned agricultural fields, although they acknowledge in the paper that much remains unknown about the plague’s origin and its link to climate during this time.

Additionally, historians believe there was a great deal of political turmoil in central Asia during this time period, with particular conflict within the regimes governing northern China. Meanwhile, it appears that Slavic populations were spreading across Europe. These events may have also been triggered by social instability caused by famine, crop shortages and disease outbreaks.[...]
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ImaginaryNumber, Feb 8, 2016

#664

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ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member

Research maps how much ice the Antarctic can afford to lose | Sydney Morning Herald

Scientists are calling for urgent monitoring of Antarctic ice shelves, as a new paper finds large areas of ice could lose their land-locked roots if as little as 5 to 13 per cent of the shelves were to disappear.[...]

Ice sheets are grounded on rock, formed over time through the accumulation of snowfall. When ice sheets melt they can contribute to sea level rise. The floating portion of the ice shelves holds back or "buttresses" the ice sheet that lies on the sea floor, providing resistance and reducing the speed at which an ice sheet flows into the ocean. By assimilating data through an ice-flow model, researchers of the study quantified the "buttressing" effect of ice shelves, and determined the size of the area "which has little or no dynamical influence on the ice shelf," referring to it as "passive shelf ice (PSI)"[...]

They discovered ice shelves in the Amundsen (7% PSI) and Bellingshausen (5% PSI) seas to be the most susceptible to further ice loss. "Any further recession of ice fronts there is likely to entail a non-negligible acceleration of the floating parts. In this regard, it is alarming that ice shelves in the Amundsen and Bellingshausen seas not only experienced the highest rates of subsurface melting, but also that thinning accelerated during the past two decades," the report said.[...]

"It all comes down to water temperature and access of those warm waters to the cavities themselves and the Amundsen and Bellingshausen seas have high access, while other areas are relatively safe."[...]
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ImaginaryNumber, Feb 8, 2016

#665

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Yobarnacle Senior Member holding true course

So climate is changing. No argument. Not a new phenomenon.
Drastic changes in climate could have major consequences for people.
Is that a new concept? of course not.

Can man control climate or climate change?
I say NO. You say YES. You need everybody or you say you can't stop climate change.
I say NO....so...What's the argument?
We both agree you can't stop climate change.
You think it's because everybody won't join your crusade.
I say you couldn't stop it even if they all joined you, and they won't!

In both scenarios, result is can't stop climate change.

"The Titanic was the finest ship afloat, ten minutes before it encountered Reality."

Yobarnacle, Feb 8, 2016

#666

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rwatson Senior Member

Yobarnacle said: ↑

.....
In both scenarios, result is can't stop climate change.
Click to expand...

Its not about STOPPING climate change, its about SLOWING it as much as possible.

Its also about PLANNING for its consequences, which is hard when some people deny it.

This is what recruiting help and publishing information is all about.

“ For every action, there is an equal and opposite criticism. "

rwatson, Feb 8, 2016

#667

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Yobarnacle Senior Member holding true course

I'm sure you are honest in those sentiments. INumber honest in his.
I'm honest in mine.
I'm pragmatic. A realist.
I already know the proposals offered to deal with climate change and they're unacceptable.
But in case I missed one that ISN'T destructive to the USA, I'd like to hear it.
CO2 has no or nearly no influence on climate, climate is controlled by magnetic fields.
I am conscious about garbage and pollution and doing something about it.
I'm building a custom boat from pieces of old fiberglass wrecks. Recycling 40 year old fiberglass and keeping it out of the landfill.

http://www.boatdesign.net/forums/boat-design/gravy-boat-custom-albin-25-a-55050-3.html

"The Titanic was the finest ship afloat, ten minutes before it encountered Reality."

Yobarnacle, Feb 8, 2016

#668

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Yobarnacle Senior Member holding true course

http://rightwingnews.com/climate-ch...ama-to-use-rico-act-to-jail-climate-skeptics/

‘Climate Scientists’ Ask Obama To Use RICO Act To Jail Climate ‘Skeptics’
Scott McKay
18 Sep, 2015 by Scott McKay

"If this were to actually happen, the backlash probably ought to be thoroughly devastating…

Warmist scientists including UN IPCC Lead Author Kevin Trenberth to Obama: ‘We appreciate that you are making aggressive and imaginative use of the limited tools available to you in the face of a recalcitrant Congress. One additional tool – recently proposed by Senator Sheldon Whitehouse – is a RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act) investigation of corporations and other organizations that have knowingly deceived the American people about the risks of climate change, as a means to forestall America’s response to climate change. We strongly endorse Senator Whitehouse’s call for a RICO investigation.’

Via Politico: ‘Twenty climate scientists called for RICO investigation in a letter to Obama and U.S. Attorney General Loretta Lynch. The scientists argue that the systemic efforts to prevent the public from understanding climate change resembles the investigation undertaken against tobacco. They draw inspiration from Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse who said on the Senate floor that there might be a similar conspiracy here, and a civil trial could provide the tools of discovery needed to find out.’

Thankfully, the odds of something like a RICO investigation into people who haven’t swallowed the Global Warming Kool-Aid actually occurring are miniscule. "

"But it’s relatively obvious that when one side of an argument seeks to imprison the other side for disagreeing, it’s not a particularly good sign that the imprisoning side thinks they’re winning. If anything, the “climate change” crowd is telegraphing fairly clearly that they don’t think things are going well and are panicking.

Jackboots and truncheons are not scientific tools."

God, I hope 'Cold Fusion" is real and quickly on the market, and quickly saturates every home, business, vehicle on the planet.
So we can put this 'political science' behind us!

"The Titanic was the finest ship afloat, ten minutes before it encountered Reality."

Yobarnacle, Feb 9, 2016

#669

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hoytedow Carbon Based Life Form

I am totally skeptical of AGW. That is a leftist tool to grab power. I am not a climate skeptic because I am educated enough to know climate has an will change until the end of time. I will not swallow the hogwash they are trying to force feed us. May as well shoot me. You will never win me over. Jesus saves.

hoytedow, Feb 9, 2016

#670

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ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member

New Study: Yup, Thermometers Do Show Global Warming Is Real | Slate

A common claim by climate change deniers is that scientists have been “altering” ground-based temperature data to make it look like the Earth is warming. This claim—which is not just wrong, but exactly wrong, as I’ll get to in a sec—has gotten more traction than most others offered by the forces of anti-science.[...]

The basic idea is this: There are temperature stations all over the U.S., and many have been in use for more than a century. However, over the years, some have been moved, replaced, or their environment has changed. This, of course, changes the temperature they record.

To account for that, scientists apply a correction to the data to make sure that they are comparing apples to apples when looking at modern measurements versus older ones. But how do they know if the corrections are accurate?

Actually, there are quite a few ways, but in the new study the researchers looked at more modern stations that are known to be quite accurate and compared them to the data from nearby older stations during the 12-year period where the two different systems were both in operation at the same time. As was expected, the uncorrected data from the older stations didn’t match the newer ones well. However, when the corrections were applied, the older stations did in fact match the newer ones much better. This shows that the corrections being applied are in fact making the data more accurate.[...]

Interestingly, there are still some residual errors in the older measurements even after adjustments—that’s not too surprising; in the real world it’s almost impossible to completely correct such issues. But what’s funny is what the researchers found: Even after adjustments, the older systems still tend to underestimate maximum (and average) temperature trends compared with the newer systems during the overlap period)—consistent with other research that found the same trend.

This puts lie to Smith’s claims again. If scientists are altering the data to make it look like the planet is warming up, why would they underestimate the temperature trends?

The answer is obvious: They aren’t trying to make the planet look like it’s heating up. The planet is heating up, and they’re measuring that. That’s what the data are telling us, that’s what the planet is telling us, and as long as our politicians in charge are sticking their fingers in their ears and yelling “LALALALALALA” as loudly as they can, we’ll never get off our oil-soaked butts and get anything done to prevent an environmental catastrophe.
head in the sand.[...]
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ImaginaryNumber, Feb 9, 2016

#671

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ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member

Managed Forests Accelerate Climate Change | Discovery

[...] Deciduous trees do a better job of reflecting light than evergreens, but reforestation favors fast-growing conifers. In Europe 85 percent of forests were managed by humans as of 2010, the study reports.[...]

The conversion to conifers has reduced the amount of solar energy reflected back into space, say the authors, accelerating climate change rather than mitigating it even as the overall tree coverage has increased in the last two and a half centuries.[...]

The study was produced by France’s Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement and published in the journal Science.
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ImaginaryNumber, Feb 9, 2016

#672

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Yobarnacle Senior Member holding true course

The thing about thermometers. All most ALL land based thermometers are in cities. Cities have lot's of asphalt and concrete and are warmer than their small town cousins and the rural areas, which is MOST of the USA.
Few thermometers in areas like northern Canada or Alaska.
Jungles of S America have few, also mountainous areas have few.

But even with all the built in limitations indicating the planet is warmer than it actually is, the warming measured is miniscule for many years now.
CO2 hasn't slowed down! It's climbing at it's fastest rate.
Temperature gave up and went home. CO2 is off by itself and getting farther, and farther, and...

"The Titanic was the finest ship afloat, ten minutes before it encountered Reality."

Yobarnacle, Feb 9, 2016

#673

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ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member

NASA Study reveals Natural Cycles are not enough to explain Global Warming | Clarksville Online

[...] Scientists have long known that as Earth warms, it is able to restore its temperature equilibrium through a phenomenon known as the Planck Response. The phenomenon is an overall increase in infrared energy that Earth emits as it warms. The response acts as a safety valve of sorts, allowing more of the accumulating heat to be released through the top of Earth’s atmosphere into space.[...]

“Our analysis confirmed that the Planck Response plays the dominant role in restoring global temperature stability, but to our surprise, we found that it tends to be overwhelmed locally by heat-trapping changes in clouds, water vapor, and snow and ice,” Brown said. “This initially suggested that the climate system might be able to create large, sustained changes in temperature all by itself.”

A more detailed investigation of the satellite observations and climate models helped the researchers finally reconcile what was happening globally versus locally.

“While global temperature tends to be stable due to the Planck Response, there are other important, previously less appreciated, mechanisms at work, too,” said Wenhong Li, assistant professor of climate at Duke. These mechanisms include the net release of energy over anomalously cool regions and the transport of energy to continental and polar regions. In those regions, the Planck Response overwhelms positive, heat-trapping local energy feedbacks.[...]

The researchers say the findings may finally help put the chill on skeptics’ belief that long-term global warming occurs in an unpredictable manner, independently of external drivers such as human impacts.

“This study underscores that large, sustained changes in global temperature like those observed over the last century require drivers such as increased greenhouse gas concentrations,” said Brown.[...]

The research is published this month in the Journal of Climate. The study was funded by the National Science Foundation and NASA.
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ImaginaryNumber, Feb 9, 2016

#674

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Yobarnacle Senior Member holding true course

Same old song and dance!

'finally reconcile what was" = (invented a story that fits the data into our view of how things MUST work")
"heat-trapping local energy feedbacks" = ("CO2 can't account for it, so we insist there are feedbacks, like water vapor, that CO2 could trigger")

Problem is your water vapor feedback got disproven! It's NOT a multiplier, it's a moderator REDUCING heat by half!

Just can't give up the 'buzz" words. been preaching this sermon so long, you can't change!

"The Titanic was the finest ship afloat, ten minutes before it encountered Reality."

Yobarnacle, Feb 9, 2016

#675

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