Log in or Sign up

ocean conditions are changing due to Rapid Global Climate Shift

Discussion in 'All Things Boats & Boating' started by Boston, Jan 10, 2011.

Thread Status:: Not open for further replies.

Page 120 of 308

Joined: May 2009
Posts: 434
Likes: 58, Points: 28, Legacy Rep: 399
Location: USA

ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member

Broward County, Florida (Ft. Lauderdale) faces climate-change fears with detailed plan for future growth

...In Broward County, commissioners agreed they'll vote in two weeks to add a brand new chapter titled "Climate Change'' to the Comprehensive Plan.

That's bureaucratese for the set of rules guiding growth and development here. The new chapter deals with much more than sea level rise. It will touch on all aspects of climate change, including, for example, policies that encourage public electric-car-charging stations, planting trees that store carbon, analyzing health impacts of extreme temperatures, increasing road and bridge elevations, and constructing new county buildings to top environmental standards...
Click to expand...

ImaginaryNumber, Sep 9, 2012

#1786

Joined: May 2009
Posts: 434
Likes: 58, Points: 28, Legacy Rep: 399
Location: USA

ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member

ThinkProgress Video: How The Wet Will Get Wetter And The Dry Will Get Drier

How much extra energy are we putting in the atmosphere through emission of greenhouse gases? One Australian researcher put it into context: “The radiative forcing of the CO2 we have already put in the atmosphere in the last century is … the equivalent in energy terms to almost half a billion Hiroshima bombs each year...”

With all that extra energy, more water is pulled out of the subtropic regions and moved toward higher-precipitation areas in the subpolar regions, resulting in stronger droughts and stronger storms. Or, as the video below explains, how the wet gets wetter and the dry gets drier.
Click to expand...

ImaginaryNumber, Sep 10, 2012

#1787

Joined: May 2009
Posts: 434
Likes: 58, Points: 28, Legacy Rep: 399
Location: USA

ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member

Science Codex: Trade-offs between water for food and for curbing climate change

Earth's growing human population needs fresh water for drinking and food production. However, fresh water is also needed for the growth of biomass, which acts as a sink of carbon dioxide and thus could help mitigate climate change. Does the Earth have enough freshwater resources to meet these competing demands?...

They stress the need for societies to recognize the trade-offs between using water for food production and for increasing carbon sequestration through biomass. They conclude that since food production is essential, large-scale carbon sequestration through increasing biomass might not be realistic as a major mode of climate change mitigation.
Click to expand...

ImaginaryNumber, Sep 10, 2012

#1788

Joined: May 2009
Posts: 434
Likes: 58, Points: 28, Legacy Rep: 399
Location: USA

ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member
Arctic Sea Ice Extent, Sept 13, 2012
Attached Files:
- Arctic Sea Ice Extent, Sept 13, 2012.png
  
  File size:
  
  44.3 KB
  
  Views:
  
  260
ImaginaryNumber, Sep 14, 2012

#1789

Joined: May 2009
Posts: 434
Likes: 58, Points: 28, Legacy Rep: 399
Location: USA

ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member

The Guardian: Arctic sea-ice loss linked to colder, drier UK winters

Slingo [chief scientist at the Met Office] told the MPs [of the UK government] that there is "increasing evidence in the last few months of that depletion of ice, in particular in the Bering and Kara seas, can plausibly impact on our winter weather and lead to colder winters over northern Europe".

She added that more cold winters mean less water, and could exacerbate future droughts. "The replenishment of aquifers generally happens in winter and spring … a wet summer does not replenish aquifers. So we are concerned if we have a sequence of cold winters that could be much more damaging," she told the committee.

Last month the environment secretary, Caroline Spelman, warned farmers that drought might become "the new normal" for the UK, because of climate change.
Click to expand...

ImaginaryNumber, Sep 14, 2012

#1790

Joined: May 2009
Posts: 434
Likes: 58, Points: 28, Legacy Rep: 399
Location: USA

ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member

Climate Change: An Information Statement of the American Meteorological Society

Climate Change

An Information Statement of the American Meteorological Society
(Adopted by AMS Council 20 August 2012)

The following is an AMS Information Statement intended to provide a trustworthy, objective, and scientifically up-to-date explanation of scientific issues of concern to the public at large.

Background

This statement provides a brief overview of how and why global climate has changed over the past century and will continue to change in the future. It is based on the peer-reviewed scientific literature and is consistent with the vast weight of current scientific understanding as expressed in assessments and reports from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, and the U.S. Global Change Research Program. Although the statement has been drafted in the context of concerns in the United States, the underlying issues are inherently global in nature.

How is climate changing?

Warming of the climate system now is unequivocal, according to many different kinds of evidence. Observations show increases in globally averaged air and ocean temperatures, as well as widespread melting of snow and ice and rising globally averaged sea level. Surface temperature data for Earth as a whole, including readings over both land and ocean, show an increase of about 0.8°C (1.4°F) over the period 1901─2010 and about 0.5°C (0.9°F) over the period 1979–2010 (the era for which satellite-based temperature data are routinely available). Due to natural variability, not every year is warmer than the preceding year globally. Nevertheless, all of the 10 warmest years in the global temperature records up to 2011 have occurred since 1997, with 2005 and 2010 being the warmest two years in more than a century of global records. The warming trend is greatest in northern high latitudes and over land. In the U.S., most of the observed warming has occurred in the West and in Alaska; for the nation as a whole, there have been twice as many record daily high temperatures as record daily low temperatures in the first decade of the 21st century...

Why is climate changing?

Climate is always changing. However, many of the observed changes noted above are beyond what can be explained by the natural variability of the climate. It is clear from extensive scientific evidence that the dominant cause of the rapid change in climate of the past half century is human-induced increases in the amount of atmospheric greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide (CO2), chlorofluorocarbons, methane, and nitrous oxide. The most important of these over the long term is CO2, whose concentration in the atmosphere is rising principally as a result of fossil-fuel combustion and deforestation. While large amounts of CO2 enter and leave the atmosphere through natural processes, these human activities are increasing the total amount in the air and the oceans. Approximately half of the CO2 put into the atmosphere through human activity in the past 250 years has been taken up by the ocean and terrestrial biosphere, with the other half remaining in the atmosphere. Since long-term measurements began in the 1950s, the atmospheric CO2 concentration has been increasing at a rate much faster than at any time in the last 800,000 years. Having been introduced into the atmosphere it will take a thousand years for the majority of the added atmospheric CO2 to be removed by natural processes, and some will remain for thousands of subsequent years...

How can climate change be projected into the future?

Factors that have altered climate throughout history, both human (such as human emission of greenhouse gases) and natural (such as variation of the Sun’s energy emission, the Earth’s orbit about the Sun, and volcanic eruptions), will continue to alter climate in the future. Climate projections for decades into the future are made using complex numerical models of the climate system that account for changes in the flow of energy into and out of the Earth system on time scales much longer than the predictability limit (of about two weeks) for individual weather systems. The difference between weather and climate is critically important in considering predictability. Climate is potentially predictable for much longer time scales than weather for several reasons. One reason is that climate can be meaningfully characterized by seasonal-to-decadal averages and other statistical measures, and the averaged weather is more predictable than individual weather events. A helpful analogy in this regard is that population averages of human mortality are predictable while life spans of individuals are not. A second reason is that climate involves physical systems and processes with long time scales, including the oceans and snow and ice, while weather largely involves atmospheric phenomena (e.g., thunderstorms, intense snow storms) with short time scales. A third reason is that climate can be affected by slowly changing factors such as human-induced changes in the chemical composition of the atmosphere, which alter the natural greenhouse effect...

How is the climate expected to change in the future?

Future warming of the climate is inevitable for many years due to the greenhouse gases already added to the atmosphere and the heat that has been taken up by the oceans. Amelioration might be possible through devising and implementing environmentally responsible geoengineering approaches, such as capture and storage measures to remove CO2 from the atmosphere. However, the potential risks of geoengineering may be quite large, and more study of the topic (including other environmental consequences) is needed. The subject of geoengineering is outside the scope of this statement (for more information see AMS Statement on Geoengineering)...

Final remarks

There is unequivocal evidence that Earth’s lower atmosphere, ocean, and land surface are warming; sea level is rising; and snow cover, mountain glaciers, and Arctic sea ice are shrinking. The dominant cause of the warming since the 1950s is human activities. This scientific finding is based on a large and persuasive body of research. The observed warming will be irreversible for many years into the future, and even larger temperature increases will occur as greenhouse gases continue to accumulate in the atmosphere. Avoiding this future warming will require a large and rapid reduction in global greenhouse gas emissions. The ongoing warming will increase risks and stresses to human societies, economies, ecosystems, and wildlife through the 21st century and beyond, making it imperative that society respond to a changing climate. To inform decisions on adaptation and mitigation, it is critical that we improve our understanding of the global climate system and our ability to project future climate through continued and improved monitoring and research. This is especially true for smaller (seasonal and regional) scales and weather and climate extremes, and for important hydroclimatic variables such as precipitation and water availability.

Technological, economic, and policy choices in the near future will determine the extent of future impacts of climate change. Science-based decisions are seldom made in a context of absolute certainty. National and international policy discussions should include consideration of the best ways to both adapt to and mitigate climate change. Mitigation will reduce the amount of future climate change and the risk of impacts that are potentially large and dangerous. At the same time, some continued climate change is inevitable, and policy responses should include adaptation to climate change. Prudence dictates extreme care in accounting for our relationship with the only planet known to be capable of sustaining human life.
Click to expand...

ImaginaryNumber, Sep 14, 2012

#1791

Joined: May 2009
Posts: 434
Likes: 58, Points: 28, Legacy Rep: 399
Location: USA

ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member

NY Times: Global Warming Makes Heat Waves More Likely, Study Finds

A new study found that global warming made the severe heat wave that afflicted Texas last year 20 times as likely as it would have been in the 1960s. The extremely warm temperatures in Britain last November were 62 times as likely because of global warming, it said...

The study on extreme weather was released along with a broader report on the state of the world’s climate. Both are to be published soon in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. The broad report found no surcease of the climate trends that have led to widespread concern about the future...

Martin P. Hoerling, a meteorologist with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration... said he was skeptical about several aspects of the new paper, including the claim of a 20-fold increase in likelihood. More broadly, he said he was worried that the newly published studies had been done so hastily that the conclusions may not stand the test of time. “We need to think carefully about what kind of questions we can credibly pursue with this sort of rapid turnaround,”
Click to expand...

ImaginaryNumber, Sep 15, 2012

#1792

Joined: May 2009
Posts: 434
Likes: 58, Points: 28, Legacy Rep: 399
Location: USA

ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member
Climate Science as Culture War

Stanford Social Innovation Review | Andrew J. Hoffman | Fall 2012
The public debate around climate change is no longer about science—it’s about values, culture, and ideology.

...Today, there is no doubt that a scientific consensus exists on the issue of climate change...

And yet a social consensus on climate change does not exist...

Why is this so? Why do such large numbers of Americans reject the consensus of the scientific community?..

...We must acknowledge that the debate over climate change, like almost all environmental issues, is a debate over culture, worldviews, and ideology...

The first facet is that we have to think of a formerly benign, even beneficial, material in a new way—as a relative, not absolute, hazard...

This challenge leads us to the second facet: Not only do we have to change our view of the ecosystem, but we also have to change our view of our place within it.

...the third facet challenges us to consider new and perhaps unprecedented forms of global ethics and governance to address it. Climate change is the ultimate “commons problem,”...

Three Ways Forward

The Optimistic Form is where people do not have to change their values at all. In other words, the easiest way to eliminate the common problems of climate change is to develop technological solutions that do not require major alterations to our values, worldviews, or behavior: carbon-free renewable energy, carbon capture and sequestration technologies, geo-engineering, and others...

The Pessimistic Form is where people fight to protect their values. This most dire outcome results in a logic schism, where opposing sides debate different issues, seek only information that supports their position and disconfirms the others’, and even go so far as to demonize the other...

The Consensus-Based Form involves a reasoned societal debate, focused on the full scope of technical and social dimensions of the problem and the feasibility and desirability of multiple solutions.

Techniques for a Consensus-Based Discussion

Know your audience | Any message on climate change must be framed in a way that fits with the cultural norms of the target audience...

Ask the right scientific questions | For a consensus-based discussion, climate change science should be presented not as a binary yes or no question, but as a series of six questions...

Are greenhouse gas concentrations increasing in the atmosphere? Yes...

Does this increase lead to a general warming of the planet? Yes...

Has climate changed over the past century? Yes...

Are humans partially responsible for this increase? ...

Will the climate continue to change over the next century?...

What will be the environmental and social impact of such change?...

Move beyond data and models | Climate skepticism is not a knowledge deficit issue...

Focus on broker frames | People interpret information by fitting it to preexisting narratives or issue categories that mesh with their worldview...

Recognize the power of language and terminology | Words have multiple meanings in different communities, and terms can trigger unintended reactions in a target audience...

Employ climate brokers | People are more likely to feel open to consider evidence when a recognized member of their cultural community presents it...

Recognize multiple referent groups | The presentation of information can be designed in a fashion that recognizes that individuals are members of multiple referent groups...

Employ events as leverage for change | ...But studies also have shown that people are more likely to believe in the science when they have an experience with extreme weather phenomena...

Ending Climate Science Wars

...The first obstacle is the powerful lobby of industrial forces that can resist a social and political consensus...

The second obstacle to convincing a skeptical public is the lack of a definitive statement by the scientific community about the future implications of climate change...

What will get us there? Although climate brokers are needed from all areas of society—from business, religion, military, and politics—one field in particular needs to become more engaged: the academic scientist and particularly the social scientist...

The role of the public intellectual has become an arcane and elusive option in today’s social sciences. Moreover, it is a difficult role to play. The academic rules are not clear and the public backlash can be uncomfortable; many of my colleagues and I are regular recipients of hostile e-mail messages and web-based attacks. But the lack of academic scientists in the public debate harms society by leaving out critical voices for informing and resolving the climate debate. There are signs, however, that this model of scholarly isolation is changing. Some leaders within the field have begun to call for more engagement within the public arena as a way to invigorate the discipline and underscore its investment in the defense of civil society. As members of society, all scientists have a responsibility to bring their expertise to the decision-making process. It is time for social scientists to accept this responsibility.
Click to expand...
ImaginaryNumber, Sep 15, 2012

#1793

Joined: May 2009
Posts: 434
Likes: 58, Points: 28, Legacy Rep: 399
Location: USA

ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member

The graph shows recent monthly mean carbon dioxide globally averaged over marine surface sites. The Global Monitoring Division of NOAA/Earth System Research Laboratory has measured carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases for several decades at a globally distributed network of air sampling sites [Conway, 1994]. A global average is constructed by first fitting a smoothed curve as a function of time to each site, and then the smoothed value for each site is plotted as a function of latitude for 48 equal time steps per year. A global average is calculated from the latitude plot at each time step [Masarie, 1995]. Go here for more details on how global means are calculated...
Click to expand...

ImaginaryNumber, Sep 16, 2012

#1794

Joined: May 2009
Posts: 434
Likes: 58, Points: 28, Legacy Rep: 399
Location: USA

ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member

New York Times: British Close 'Climategate' Case

A British police unit on Wednesday formally closed its criminal investigation into the unauthorized publication of thousands of sensitive scientific e-mails from the University of East Anglia’s climate change research institute, saying that it could not identify the hacker...
Click to expand...

ImaginaryNumber, Sep 16, 2012

#1795

Joined: May 2009
Posts: 434
Likes: 58, Points: 28, Legacy Rep: 399
Location: USA

ImaginaryNumber Imaginary Member

Video by Noam Chomsky: How Climate Change Became a 'Liberal Hoax'

In this sixth video in the series “Peak Oil and a Changing Climate” from The Nation and On The Earth Productions, linguist, philosopher and political activist Noam Chomsky talks about the Chamber of Commerce, the American Petroleum Institute and other business lobbies enthusiastically carrying out campaigns “to try and convince the population that global warming is a liberal hoax.” According to Chomsky, this massive public relations campaign has succeeded in leading a good portion of the population into doubting the human causes of global warming.

Known for his criticism of the media, Chomsky doesn't hold back in this clip, laying blame on mainstream media outlets such as the New York Times, which will run frontpage articles on what meteorologists think about global warming. “Meteorologists are pretty faces reading scripts telling you whether it’s going to rain tomorrow," Chomsky says. "What do they have to say any more than your barber?” All this is part of the media’s pursuit of “fabled objectivity.”

Of particular concern for Chomsky is the atmosphere of anger, fear and hostility that currently reigns in America. The public’s hatred of Democrats, Republicans, big business and banks and the public’s distrust of scientists all lead to general disregard for the findings of “pointy-headed elitists.” The 2010 elections could be interpreted as a “death knell for the species” because most of the new Republicans in Congress are global warming deniers. “If this was happening in some small country," Chomsky concludes, "it wouldn’t matter much. But when it’s happening in the richest, most powerful country in the world, it’s a danger to the survival of the species.”
Click to expand...

ImaginaryNumber, Sep 16, 2012

#1796

Frosty Previous Member

The salt in the sea is diminishing. Just seen a documentary about sea grass and the turtles that live off it. All dying off.

The whole sea could turn fresh or brackish. Wont make any difference apart from no sea fish any more. I like pies , infact its so bloody expensive now anyway.

It will still rain and water the plants, so no harm done I guess.

I cant see any benefits of a salty sea.

Frosty, Sep 16, 2012

#1797

Joined: Aug 2012
Posts: 194
Likes: 9, Points: 0, Legacy Rep: 94
Location: california

Grey Ghost Senior Member

salt

The Younger Dryas abrupt climate shift is theorized to have happened when the North Atlantic conveyor stopped circulating.

Grey Ghost, Sep 16, 2012

#1798

Joined: Sep 2009
Posts: 5,769
Likes: 350, Points: 93, Legacy Rep: 2489
Location: The Land of Lost Content

hoytedow Fly on the Wall - Miss ddt yet?

But the cessation of circulation in the N. Atlantic was an effect brought on by the collapse of the ice sheet and not a primary cause of cooling.

Was it caused by Cro-Magnon? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Younger_Dryas

"The American Revolution represented the informed and mature convictions of a great mass of independent, liberty-loving, God-fearing people who knew their rights, and possessed the courage to dare to maintain them." President Calvin Coolidge

hoytedow, Sep 16, 2012

#1799
Advertisement:

<SCRIPT LANGUAGE=JavaScript></SCRIPT><NOSCRIPT><A HREF="https://www.boatdesign.net/cgi-bin/ads/ads.pl?zone=allforum;banner=NonSSI;page=01" TARGET=top><IMG SRC="https://www.boatdesign.net/cgi-bin/ads/ads.pl?zone=allforum;page=01" WIDTH=728 HEIGHT=90 ALT=Advertisement BORDER=0></A></NOSCRIPT>

Joined: Nov 2009
Posts: 1,743
Likes: 170, Points: 63, Legacy Rep: 2078
Location: California

troy2000 Senior Member

hoytedow said: ↑

Was it caused by Cro-Magnon? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Younger_Dryas
Click to expand...

Good link, Hoyt. I learned something.

Don't let the urgent displace the important...

troy2000, Sep 16, 2012

#1800

(You must log in or sign up to reply here.)

Page 120 of 308

< Missing tourists in a dinghy | Attracting New Boaters....the Youth >

Loading...

Similar Threads

Volvo Ocean Race - John Fisher

JosephT, Mar 29, 2018, in forum: All Things Boats & Boating

Replies:

11

Views:

952

Angélique

Mar 31, 2018
Real Ocean News

hoytedow, Jan 15, 2018, in forum: All Things Boats & Boating

Replies:

147

Views:

7,234

hoytedow

Jul 23, 2020
Ocean News

ImaginaryNumber, Oct 8, 2015, in forum: All Things Boats & Boating

Replies:

3,965

Views:

187,578

Boat Design Net Moderator

Jul 26, 2020
Man rescued from floating bubble (tries to go across ocean to Bermuda 1000 miles)

Waterwitch, Oct 5, 2014, in forum: All Things Boats & Boating

Replies:

44

Views:

4,636

Rurudyne

Oct 30, 2014
Cement/Concrete Saves Vessel Mid Ocean

Milehog, Jul 4, 2014, in forum: All Things Boats & Boating

Replies:

1

Views:

3,175

hoytedow

Jul 4, 2014
Is the ocean broken?

daiquiri, Oct 24, 2013, in forum: All Things Boats & Boating

Replies:

2,297

Views:

39,526

hoytedow

Jul 2, 2021 at 11:03 PM
Kids facing the Oceans Plastic Cleanup Problem

rwatson, Sep 24, 2013, in forum: All Things Boats & Boating

Replies:

0

Views:

1,514

rwatson

Sep 24, 2013
Free ride across the pacific ocean

BPL, Apr 6, 2013, in forum: All Things Boats & Boating

Replies:

0

Views:

1,610

BPL

Apr 6, 2013
Books for ocean passages etc..

urisvan, Feb 24, 2013, in forum: All Things Boats & Boating

Replies:

8

Views:

1,775

michael pierzga

Feb 28, 2013
Ocean Currents Visualization

Doug Lord, Apr 5, 2012, in forum: All Things Boats & Boating

Replies:

19

Views:

2,502

Leo Lazauskas

Apr 17, 2012

Forum posts represent the experience, opinion, and view of individual users. Boat Design Net does not necessarily endorse nor share the view of each individual post.
When making potentially dangerous or financial decisions, always employ and consult appropriate professionals. Your circumstances or experience may be different.

Thread Status:: Not open for further replies.