A) Why the Keel must be Neutralized (HC_K = LCG, LCB)
Because the rudder must compensate for
1) the imbalance created by the sails
2) the imbalance created by the sailboat’s hull Roll/Heel
3) the imbalance created by the sailboat’s hull Yaw/Leeway
4) the imbalance created by the sailboat’s hull Pitch bow down, and
5) all of this in a very demanding operating environment for the rudder due to the orbital current of the wave
In other words, even by neutralizing the keel, we cannot ensure that the yacht will have a stable equilibrium on the yaw axis
B) Why can’t we compromise even a millimeter on Pitch axis control?
B1) Well, because this is an approximate equivalence to begin understanding the issue
Roll: 20°
Yaw: 3°
Pitch: 1°
B2) Because on a yacht, the three axes have various feedback loops
And
B3) a bow-down Pitch has a devastating effect on a heeled-over and yawing yacht
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Reading the books of naval architects makes it clear that they are not interested in the problem of small yachts of 1-10 tons; they think they know and do not want to study or learn from other professions and points of view.